Patents.

1. A. Akhtar, J. Austin, D. Bala, V. Wilson. A system and method for an artificial tendon-driven prosthesis. U.S. Pat. Ser. No. 63,148,378. 11 Feb 2021.

2. A. Akhtar, J. Austin, J. Cornman, D. Bala, Z. Wang. System and method for an advanced prosthetic hand. U.S. Pat. Ser. No. 62,904,483. 23 Sep 2019. [link]

3. J. Cornman, A. Akhtar. System and method for a prosthetic hand having sensored brushless motors. U.S. Pat. Ser. No. 62,826,981. 29 Mar 2019. [link]

4. A. Akhtar, T. Bretl, K. Y. Choi. A compliant four-bar linkage mechanism for a robotic finger. U.S. Pat. Ser. No. 62,663,820. 27 Apr 2018. [link]

Publications.

* These authors contributed equally

1. A. Akhtar. 3D-printing hands that feel. GetMobile: Mobile Computing and Communications, 2021. [doi] [pdf] [cover]

2. X. Yu, Z. Xie, Y. Yu, J. Lee, A. Vasquez-Guarardo, H. Luan, J. Ruban, X. Ning, A. Akhtar, D. Li, B. Ji, Y. Liu, R. Sun, J. Cao, Q. Huo, Y. Zhong, C. Lee, S. Kim, P. Gutruf, C. Zhang, Y. Xue, Q. Guo, A. Chempakasseril, P. Tian, W. Lu, J. Jeong, Y. Yu, J. Cornman, C. Tan, B. Kim, K. Lee, X. Feng, Y. Huang, J. Rogers. Skin-integrated wireless haptic interfaces for virtual and augmented reality. Nature, 2019. [doi] [pdf]

3. L. Tian*, B. Zimmerman*, A. Akhtar*, K. Yu*, M. Moore, J. Wu, R. Larson, J. Lee, J. Li, Y. Liu, B. Metzger, S. Qu, X. Guo, K. Mathewson, J. Fan, J. Cornman, M. Fatina, Z. Xie, Y. Ma, J. Zhang, F. Dolcos, M. Fabiani, G. Gratton, T. Bretl, L. Hargrove, P. Braun, Y. Huang, J. Rogers.  Large area, MRI-compatible epidermal electronic interfaces for prosthetic control and cognitive monitoring. Nature Biomedical Engineering, 2019. [doi] [pdf]

4. A. Akhtar, J. Sombeck, B. Boyce, T. Bretl. Control of perceived sensation intensity during electrotactile stimulation in response to changes in impedance. Science Robotics, 2018. [doi] [pdf]

5. A. Akhtar, N. Aghasadeghi, L. Hargrove, T. Bretl. Estimation of distal arm joint angles from EMG and shoulder orientation for transhumeral prostheses. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 2017. [doi] [pdf]

6. B. Xu*, A. Akhtar*, Y. Liu*, H. Chen, W. Yeo, S. Park, B. Boyce, H. Kim, J. Yu, S. Jung, Y. Zhou, J. Kim, S. Cho, Y. Huang, T. Bretl, J. Rogers. An epidermal stimulation and sensing platform for sensorimotor prosthetic control, management of lower back exertion, and electrical muscle activation. Advanced Materials, 2016. [doi] [pdf]

7. J. Jeong, W. Yeo, A. Akhtar, J. Norton, Y. Kwack, S. Li, S. Jung, Y. Su, W. Lee, Y. Huang, W. Choi, T. Bretl, J. Rogers. Materials and optimized designs for human-machine interfaces via epidermal electronics. Advanced Materials, 2013. [doi] [pdf]

Peer-Reviewed Conference Publications.

1. A. Akhtar, J. Cornman, J. Austin, D. Bala. Touch feedback and contact reflexes using the PSYONIC Ability Hand. Myoelectric Controls Symposium, 2020. [pdf]

2. J. Cornman, A. Akhtar, T. Bretl. A portable, arbitrary waveform, multichannel constant current electrotactile stimulator. IEEE NER, May 2017. [doi] [pdf]

3. K. Y. Choi, A. Akhtar, T. Bretl. A compliant four-bar linkage mechanism that makes the fingers of a prosthetic hand more impact resistant. IEEE ICRA, May 2017. [doi] [pdf]

4. A. Akhtar, K. Y. Choi, M. Fatina, J. Cornman, E. Wu, J. Sombeck, C. Yim, P. Slade, J. Lee, J. Moore, D. Gonzales, A. Wu, G. Anderson, D. Rotter, C. Shin, T. Bretl. A low-cost, open-source, compliant hand for enabling sensorimotor control for people with transradial amputations. IEEE EMBC, Aug 2016. [doi] [pdf]

5. J. DeGol, A. Akhtar, R. Bhargava, T. Bretl. Automatic grasp selection using a camera in a hand prosthesis. IEEE EMBC, Aug 2016. Best student paper award 3rd place. [doi] [pdf]

6. P. Slade, A. Akhtar, M. Nguyen, T. Bretl. Tact: Design and Performance of an Open-Source, Affordable, Myoelectric Prosthetic Hand. IEEE ICRA, May 2015, pp. 6541-6546. [doi] [pdf]

7. A. Akhtar, J. Norton, M. Kasraie, T. Bretl. Playing checkers with your mind: An interactive multiplayer hardware game platform for brain-computer interfaces. IEEE EMBC, Aug 2014, pp. 1650-1653. [doi] [pdf]

8. A. Akhtar, M. Nguyen, L. Wan, B. Boyce, P. Slade, T. Bretl. Passive mechanical skin stretch for multiple degree-of-freedom proprioception in a hand prosthesis. EuroHaptics, June 2014, pp. 120-128. [doi] [pdf]

9. A. Akhtar, B. Boyce, T. Bretl. The relationship between energy, phase charge, impedance, and perceived sensation in electrotactile stimulation. IEEE HAPTICS, Feb 2014, pp. 69-74. [doi] [pdf]

10. A. Akhtar, L. J. Hargrove, T. Bretl. Prediction of distal arm joint angles from EMG and shoulder orientation for prosthesis control. IEEE EMBC, Aug 2012. [doi] [pdf]

11. E. J. Rouse, L. J. Hargrove, A. Akhtar, T. Kuiken. Validation of methods for determining ankle stiffness during walking using the Perturberator robot. IEEE BioRob, June 2012. [doi] [pdf]

Conference Abstracts/Posters/Demos.

1. A. Akhtar, K. Y. Choi, J. Cornman, W. Sun. The PSYONIC compliant, sensorized prosthetic hand. Myoelectric Controls Symposium, Aug 2017. [pdf]

2. A. Akhtar, K. Y. Choi, J. Cornman, W. Sun, T. Bretl. A compliant, sensorized finger for a prosthetic hand. IEEE NER, May 2017. [pdf]

3. K. Choi, A. Akhtar, T. Bretl. Multidirectional high impact resistant compliant four-bar linkage mechanism for a prosthetic hand. IEEE IROS, Oct 2016. [pdf]

4. A. Akhtar, J. Sombeck, J. Cornman, S. Goldfinger, T. Bretl. Realtime Electrotactile Force Feedback from a Finger Prosthesis using a Low-Cost Pressure Sensor. Demo. World Haptics Conference, 2015.

5. A. Akhtar, J. Norton, S. Beshers, T. Bretl. Improving EMG-based gesture control by using symmetric bimanual gestures. Society for Neuroscience, 2012.

6. E. J. Rouse, A. Akhtar, L. J. Hargrove, T. Kuiken. Validation of the Perturberator robot and modulation of ankle impedance by co-contraction while standing. International Society of Electrophysiology and Kinesiology, 2012.